N rai, sweeteners ni gaw sugar n re. Sweeteners ngu ai gaw, n-gun ja ai hpe jaw ya ai malu masha hta jat bang ai baw hpan langai mi re. Shanhte a chemical structure gaw sugar hte n bung ai, shanhte hta n-gun grau law ai raitim, calories n law ai (sh) zero nga ai. N-gun ja ai baw ni hpe shingra tara hku nna n-gun ja ai baw (erythritol hte steviol glycosides zawn re ai) hte shinggyim masha ni galaw ai n-gun ja ai baw (aspartame hte sodium saccharin zawn re ai) ngu nna garan mai ai. Dai ni hpe malu masha, lu sha, tsi mawan ni hta law law lang lang nna, hpung amyu myu, grau nna, sai chyup ana kap ai ni hte hkum hkrang n-gun yawm hkra shakut nga ai ni a shat mai hpe hkap la lu na matu jai lang nga ai. Sweetener ni hpe jai lang ai shaloi, shim lum ai hte akyu rawng ai hku jai lang lu na matu, seng ang ai mungdan ting na malu masha shimlam madang ni hpe hkan sa ra ai. Ya aten hta ndai arai ni hpe anhte a gat kaw tawn da ai. Anhte a erythritol sweetener gaw san seng ai lam grai law ai (99%), mungdan madang hte maren rai nga ai, malu masha galaw ai masa amyu myu a matu htuk manu ai, 25kg hkam kaja ai package hta mung lawm ai. Kaja dik ai hparan ladat ni hpe matut mahkai mai ai.
Sweeteners ngu ai gaw, n-gun ja ai n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni hpe tsun mayu ai, dai hta shingra tara hku nna galaw ai n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni rai nga ai sucrose hte fructose ni lawm ai, shing nrai, cyclamate hte aspartame zawn re ai n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni lawm ai. Hka lum ai gaw sucrose hpe 100 hku nna madung tawn ai.Fructose gaw -hexane isomer a majaw 180 du hkra du lu ai (hka hta 120-150 de yawm mat ai). Glucose gaw 70 daram n-gun rawng nna, shi a endothermic solubility gaw n-gun nnan jaw ya ai.
Sucrose hpe hka htung hta 15%-16% daram lang ai. Starch syrup gaw sucrose a 1/4 hpe galai shai ya lu nna, n-gun hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya lu ai. Baked goods ni hta, sugar gaw hka n-gun yawm ai hku nna gluten byin pru wa ai hpe pat shingdang ya ai, n-gun ja ai hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai, high osmotic pressure hku nna n-gun jat ya ai. Dai hpe Mungkan ting na Cancer ana sawk sagawn hpung kaw nna Group 2B carcinogen ngu masat da ai raitim, US FDA kaw nna gaw shim lum ai lam hpe madi madun da ai. Xylitol gaw myit masin hte sai lam ana byin wa na masa hpe jat shangun chye ai; nye a mungdan a "Lusha hta bang ai arung arai ni hpe jai lang na matu masat masa" hta, cyclamate hpe steamed bun galaw ai hta n mai lang ai ngu tsun da ai.
Novel sweetener allulose gaw sucrose 70% daram n-gun rawng nna, biosynthesis hku nna 80% jan galai shai ai atsam hpe lu la ai, n-gun hpe hkang lu ai atsam ni hpe madun dan ai. [13-15] GB2760-2014 hta n-gun ja ai tsi lang ai a shingdu labau hte shadawn sharam hpe tsun da ai; aspartame hpe n-gun jaw ai (PKU) sadi jaw ai shiga ni hpe masat da ra ai.